Bianchi had qualified 19th for the Monte Carlo race, immediately ahead of team mate Max Chilton. The gearbox change penalty means the Frenchman will now line up 21st, with Caterham’s Marcus Ericcson starting from the pit lane after causing a collision with Williams’ Felipe Massa on Saturday.
Formula One regulations require gearboxes to last six consecutive events.
In other car changes ahead of the race, the MGU-K and related control electronics on Sebastian Vettel's Red Bull were replaced in accordance with the regulations following his ERS problems during qualifying.