Ricciardo has taken on his fifth Renault engine, while Alonso is similarly on to his fifth Honda unit. Alonso’s larger penalty is the result of the Spaniard also using a fifth turbocharger and a fifth MGU-H, each of which incur an additional five-place drop.
Should either driver be unable to drop the required number of grid places - an inevitability for Alonso unless he qualifies on pole - then the penalties will be converted to in-race time penalties.
These can range from a 5-second time penalty to a 10-second stop-go penalty depending on the number of unused places.